Lameness in Horses

Unfortunately lameness in horses is part and parcel of- When watched from behind, particularly in trot, the
horse ownership, at some point in the horse's life hehorse will raise the hip of the lame leg higher than the
or she will, most probably, be lame.  As part of goodhip of the sound leg.
horse care, horse owners and riders should familiarise- The horse's hip will appear to dip when the sound
themselves with the signs and symptoms of equineleg hits the ground.
lameness and be able to decide whether the- The horse may take a shorter stride with one hind
lameness is likely to be hoof or leg related, or couldleg.
be attributed to the horse's back.  Any lame horse- Limb or foot placement may not be normal.
should always be seen by a Veterinary Surgeon in- The horse may catch or drag a hind toe.
the first instance, as some limb lamenesses canHind limb lameness is more difficult to see so an
manifest themselves as a back problem and viceadditional test may be required, such as:
versa.  Although the attending Veterinary Surgeon- Turning the horse in tight circles to both the left
should consider all the signs and symptoms, diagnoseand the right will show whether the horse is reluctant
the problem and prescribe the correct treatment, theto take his weight on a particular hind leg.
horse owner should know when the horse is lame,Differential diagnosis
however slightly, so as not to make matters worseIt is said that a large proportion of all equine
by keeping the horse in work.lameness is in the foot.  Indeed most Vets will start
Signs and Symptomsat the hooves and work their way up the leg when
Obvious signs and symptoms of lameness includeinvestigating any lameness in horses.
wounds, tendon and ligament injuries, heat andHowever, when the most pronounced symptom is a
swelling or other noticeable injuries to a leg or hoofshortening of the stride length with one foreleg it is
which will make the horse lame.  Howevernot easy to tell whether the lameness is lower leg or
sometimes the horse is only slightly lame and it is notnot, and, horse owners often mistakenly believe this
easy to tell which leg is affected.  In this case youto be shoulder lameness.  In the absence of a head
have to look for signs which may be quite subtle.nod, and particularly when riding, a shortened stride
When a horse is lame in a front leg or a front foot,can feel like the shoulder is stiff and not swinging
the following signs may be seen:forwards freely.  But, shoulder lameness in horses is
- The horse will be reluctant to put its weight on thequite rare so the hoof and leg should always be
lame leg.investigated first.
- On moving, the horse will raise its head as it putsWhen it comes to hind legs it is even harder to tell as
the lame leg to the ground in order to keep as muchfour legged animals are very good at disguising hind
weight as possible off this leg.limb lameness.
- When it puts the sound leg to the ground it will putThe "hip hike" or dropping of one hip is almost always
extra weight on it and drop its head down as aconfused with a back or pelvic problem, as is a
result.shortened stride or dragging of the hind toes.  But
- This will be more evident when the horse is trottingthese symptoms can equally be attributed to
and may vary from a slight head nod to aproblems in the hock, stifle, hind suspensory
pronounced movement up and down of the headligaments and others structures, as well as being
and neck.related to the horse's back.  So the first port of call
- So if a horse nods its head when the right forelegshould always be your Vet.
hits the ground it will probably be lame in the leftAs a very general rule of thumb, a back problem
foreleg.usually causes an alteration in gait patterns or stride
- The horse may take a slightly shorter stride withlength, or a behavioural or equitation problem rather
one foreleg.than a limp - however slight.  If your horse is limping
- The horse may not place a front foot normally.or head nodding it is probably hoof or leg related.
When a horse is lame in a hind leg or hind foot theFind out more information on how to assess your
following signs may be seen:horse's movement: see - looking after your horse's
- The horse may rest the lame leg and not want toback.
take the weight onto it.