Emperor Penguins

The Emperor Penguin is most noted for its size,move from the center of this huddle toward the
reaching up to four feet in height, making it theouter edges to give each penguin the warmth of the
tallest penguin of its species. Its stomach is white andmiddle. This process allows for them to survive the
its wings and back are black, lending its trademarkbrutal temperatures in the Antarctic.
"tuxedo look." Although penguins have wings they doAfter the male has the egg, the female is free to
not fly, but swim through the water at an averagetravel to get food. She returns after about two
speed of four to six miles per hour, with possiblemonths. After her arrival she is able to regurgitate
bursts of up to twelve miles per hour. Althoughthe food for the young chick when it hatches. If the
water mixed with cold temperatures causes humanschick is born before the female returns, the male is
to experience hypothermia and even death, penguinsable to produce a milky substance from his
have a preen gland which secretes an oil that theyesophagus to keep his young alive. When the female
use to coat their feathers with so water will run offreturns to care for her young, the male is then free
of them.to go in search of food.
Emperor Penguins live in the coldest region of anyWhile it may seem unnatural for a species to
other penguin on earth. They not only survive, butreproduce in such extreme weather conditions, in
reproduce and thrive where other penguins cannot.actuality winter is the ideal season for reproduction
Adult Emperor Penguins travel about sixty miles intobecause there is less competition for food. Emperor
Antarctica for breeding season. Although coldPenguin chicks are larger than other penguin species
temperatures are a threat to the survival of otherand an adequate diet is essential for their survival.
penguins and their eggs, the Emperor Penguin hasOnly in the harsh days of winter is there enough
characteristics that allow them to keep warm,food for them. Emperor Penguins diet consists mainly
notwithstanding below freezing temperatures andof cephlapods, such as octopus and squid, but they
high winds.also eat krill and fish. Their threat for survival is not
After searching for a mate, the female lays a singleonly freezing in the cold temperatures, but also
egg in the months of May or June. After laying thenatural predators such as sea lions, Orca Whales and
egg, the female will carefully pass the egg to thesharks. Although global warming has raised concerns
male to incubate until it hatches. This process isfor Emperor Penguins, there is thought to be an
carefully executed so the egg does not have anyestimated 350,000 of them in the world.
contact with the ice where it would immediately dieSurvival in Antarctica seems impossible, yet the
voiding the couple's attempt at reproduction thatEmperor Penguin continues to thrive in these freezing
year. When the male successfully receives the eggtemperatures. Their physical characteristics, instincts
he incubates it above his feet in a flap of skin called aand socialization allow for them to continue to
brood pouch. In order to stay warm in the extremereproduce and thrive in a climate that would
temperatures, Emperor Penguins form large groupsotherwise be deadly.
and huddle together. They instinctively know when to